TheBestEOR

Best Employer of Record in Turkey

Written by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis
Picture of Martynas Pupkevicius
Martynas Pupkevicius

EOR Advisor and Remote Work Editor

Our top employer of record in Turkey for 2026 is RemotePeople, from USD 499 per employee a month, ahead of Deel and Rippling.

We tested all 10 providers with paid client accounts, real quotes and a live hire run through payroll. Turkish employers pay social security and unemployment insurance contributions, with earnings limits and contribution incentives affecting the amount due.

Flag of Turkey

Hiring in Turkey at a glance

Currency
TRY
Turkish lira
Pay cycle
Monthly
Contract or union agreement may require more often
Working hours
45 hours
Weekly limit, averaging across weeks can be agreed
Annual leave
14 to 26 days
Working days after 1 year, depending on service
Extra pay
Per contract
Union agreement or workplace practice can also require
Employer costs
Social security
Plus unemployment insurance, incentives affect the amount
Before you hire:
Ask the EOR to explain any contribution discount in its quote and how it budgets for severance pay.

Country hiring overview · Turkey

Hiring in Turkey, at a glance.

Compare the employer, premium bases and exit terms.

For Türkiye, I’d ask which company will employ the person and what the contract and payroll service cover. I compare contributions and employment accruals using the actual salary and worker circumstances, with any work-permit service priced separately.

Choose a hiring solution

Need a local employer?

Compare an EOR arrangement for your role before opening your own entity.

Already have a local employer?

Compare payroll and HR support against adding an EOR.

EOR service fee

Fees vary by provider.

Your quote should state the currency, fee per employee, minimum charge and billing commitment.

Onboarding

Paperwork affects the start date.

The contract, right-to-work checks, registrations and payroll deadlines all affect when employment can begin.

Employment costs

Check the SGK calculation.

Ask which earnings are used to calculate SGK premiums. The quote should also show agreed benefits and explain how any severance amounts are included in the budget.

Annual leave

Leave depends on length of service.

After one year of service, the minimum annual allowance ranges from 14 to 26 days, depending on service length. Age-specific minimums and other rules also apply.

Check before choosing

Confirm the employer, premium bases and any incentives, leave allowance, severance calculation and any work-authorisation scope.

What your quote should include

Employment costs and service fees

1
Gross salary and agreed pay schedule
2
SGK premium bases, benefits and severance treatment
3
EOR fee: currency, per-employee billing, minimums and commitment
4
Setup, foreign exchange, extras and exit costs

Deposits and payroll funding

1
Amount and payment deadline
2
Whether funds are refundable or credited to payroll
3
Release conditions and refund timing
Show these separately from recurring expenses.

Key takeaways for hiring in Türkiye

Establish the employment structure

Ask for the Turkish company name and the legal basis of the arrangement. Request the applicable authorisation, assignment conditions and duration where temporary agency rules are relevant.

Use the dated severance ceiling

Calculate severance in lira at the termination-date ceiling. From 1 July to 31 December 2026, the statutory annual-service ceiling is TRY 73,729.87.

Check salary against the cap

A salary equivalent to USD 3,000 at an illustrative TRY 40/USD rate is TRY 120,000, above that ceiling.

Assess permit exemptions

For a foreign technology specialist, ask whether an employment or financial-criteria exemption applies to the actual employer and role. Do not assume the five-to-one rule is universal.

Reconcile severance reserves

Separate statutory severance from the reserve invoiced by the provider, and require reconciliation and refund terms for money collected in advance.

Quick verdict

What is the best EOR in Turkey?

My top three: Deel, RemotePeople and Rippling.

For a hire in Turkey, I’d shortlist RemotePeople first. It offers recruitment and EOR through one provider, with a dedicated account manager on both EOR plans, and its EOR Global plan starts at USD 499 per employee per month, or USD 199 on EOR Select where the hire qualifies. Deel, from USD 599 plus a mandatory Employer Liability Cost, fits when Turkey is one part of a wider employee and contractor programme. Rippling, from USD 499 plus its required platform, fits a team that already runs HR or IT on Rippling.

Request the full Turkish quote. The conditions attached to the advertised fees differ by provider.

1
Deel logo

4.7/5

Deel

Paying employees and contractors on one platform

Starting fee
$599

per employee / month

Countries
130+
where you can hire

Plus a mandatory Employer Liability Cost.

Deposit
1–1.5 months

of gross salary

Deposit refund
Within 60 days

of offboarding

Why consider it

EOR, contractor management and payroll for your own entities.

Month-to-month EOR service pricing available.

Check the fit

Ask for the country-specific Employer Liability Cost in your quote.

Before signing: Confirm the Employer Liability Cost amount, benefit costs and any additional products. Monthly service terms do not remove employment notice, severance or other exit obligations.

The EOR pricing page lists 130+ countries. Broader platform coverage figures may include other services.

Visit Deel ↗

2
Editorial pick
RemotePeople logo

4.9/5

RemotePeople

Hiring in new markets with local HR support

Starting fee
$499

per employee / month

Countries
150+
where you can hire

EOR Select from $199 for eligible hires.

Deposit
1 month

of gross salary

Deposit refund
Within 5 days

of the final payment

Why consider it

Recruitment and EOR services through one provider.

Dedicated account manager in both EOR plans.

Check the fit

Recruitment is separately priced.

Before signing: Confirm quote currency, billing commitment, deposits, funding deadlines and refund terms. EOR Select eligibility depends on the hiring country and employee salary.

Both EOR plans list local contracts, payroll and tax administration, and statutory benefits administration. Salary, employer contributions and benefit costs are separate.

Visit RemotePeople ↗

3
Rippling logo

4.5/5

Rippling

Setting up payroll, laptops and app access for new hires

Starting fee
$499

per employee / month

Countries
115
where you can hire

Plus the Rippling Platform, from $8 per employee / month.

Deposit
Per quote

based on gross salary

Deposit refund
Per contract

set in your agreement

Why consider it

EOR, payroll, HR records and benefits administration in one platform.

Shared workflows and reporting for domestic and international teams.

Check the fit

Ask for an itemised quote showing the required platform and each HR or IT module.

A paid Rippling Platform subscription is required on top of the EOR fee, from $8 per employee per month plus a monthly base fee. Rippling EOR starts at $499 per employee per month. Other HR and IT products are priced separately.

Rippling’s EOR page lists 115 countries. Confirm your hiring country and legal employer.

Visit Rippling ↗

No provider pays for a position on this page; some outbound links pay a referral fee. See the funding model and methodology.

Entity, permit, severance carrier

All 10 EOR providers for Turkey, side by side

Identify who holds the SGK file and can sponsor a permit.

The company that signs the Turkish employment contract holds the SGK file, carries the growing kıdem tazminatı liability, and is the only company that can sponsor a work permit for a foreign hire. Fees are August 2026 list prices per employee per month.

Each review answers three questions for Türkiye: whose company signs, who carries the severance accrual, and what the fee buys. Their worldwide positions are listed in the overall ranking of employer of record providers. For a wider shortlist, browse EOR providers for Turkey.

Provider

Best For

Starting feeDepositOnboarding
1 Deel logo Deel 4.7/5 Rating Paying employees and contractors on one platform Starting fee: $599 USD / monthDeposit: 1–1.5 monthsOnboarding: 2–5 days

My take

I’d consider Deel if you need EOR payroll and benefits administration alongside its separate contractor and HR products.

EOR starts at USD 599 per employee per month, with month-to-month billing available. Mandatory Employer Liability Cost is an additional charge based on gross salary, with rates varying by country. Salary, statutory employer costs and benefit premiums are also separate.

Contractor management starts at USD 49 per active contract per month. It is a separate service from EOR employment; currency conversion, payment-method charges and any required deposit also affect the amount funded.

Fit check for Deel, RemotePeople, Oyster and RemoFirst

I’d ask for a Turkish quote that shows the severance calculation separately from the reserve collected. The useful comparison is how the provider funds, reconciles and returns any unused reserve, alongside its service fee and support commitments.

Deposit

1–1.5 months

Entity model

Owned entity

First year, one hire

$7,188 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$599

Month-to-month billing. Mandatory Employer Liability Cost is charged separately.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
2 RemotePeople logo RemotePeople 4.9/5 Rating Hiring in new markets with local HR support Starting fee: $499 USD / monthDeposit: 1 monthOnboarding: 2–5 days

My take

I’d look at RemotePeople if you want a dedicated account manager alongside local employment contracts, payroll and tax administration, and statutory-benefits administration.

Recruitment is a separate service.

EOR Global starts at USD 499 per employee per month. EOR Select starts at USD 199 for eligible countries and employee salary ranges. Salary, employer contributions, benefit costs and agreed extras are additional. The country quote determines eligibility, the final fee, billing commitment and payroll funding.

Deposit

1 month

Entity model

Own entities in core markets

First year, one hire

$5,988 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$499

EOR Global. EOR Select starts at $199 where the country and employee salary qualify.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
3 Rippling logo Rippling 4.5/5 Rating Setting up payroll, laptops and app access for new hires Starting fee: $499 USD / monthDeposit: Per quoteOnboarding: 3–5 days

My take

The reason I’d consider Rippling is the connection between EOR employment and its HR, IT and finance products, using shared employee data for workflows and reporting.

Device management and app access are separate products within that wider system.

Rippling EOR starts at USD 499 per employee per month, and the required Rippling Platform adds from USD 8 per employee per month plus a monthly base fee. The quote needs to show any selected HR, IT or finance products and the billing commitment. Salary, employer costs, benefits, deposits and payroll funding are additional to the software and service fees.

Fit check for Rippling, Papaya Global and Borderless AI

A combined payroll workflow can reduce administration, but it should sit behind a clear Turkish employment structure. I’d ask which company employs the person, whether temporary-agency rules apply and why the proposed duration is permitted. For payroll on your own entity, compare that service separately from EOR employment.

Deposit

Per quote

Entity model

Own entities and local partners

First year, one hire

$5,988 in EOR fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$499

Plus the required Rippling Platform, from $8 per employee per month and a monthly base fee. Confirm the billing terms and selected products.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
4 Oyster logo Oyster 4.5/5 Rating Using one onboarding process for hires across countries Starting fee: $699 USD / monthDeposit: ~1 monthOnboarding: 5–7 days

My take

I’d weigh Oyster’s fee against the administration it includes: payroll, expenses, time off, reporting, and onboarding and offboarding support.

Benefits packages are optional add-ons. The EOR service fee is USD 699 per employee per month on monthly billing.

Annual seats are priced by headcount and location and are non-refundable, but can be reused for replacement hires. Annual prepayment gives the lowest fee; higher-priced quarterly or semiannual payment options are available. Salary, employer costs and benefit premiums are additional, and a refundable deposit is required. Optional People Partner project work costs USD 300 per hour.

Deposit

~1 month

Entity model

Own entities and vetted partners

First year, one hire

$8,388 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$699

Monthly billing. Annual seats are quoted separately, prepaid and non-refundable.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
5 Pebl logo Pebl 4.2/5 Rating Hiring people who need visa or relocation support Starting fee: $399 USD / monthDeposit: Per quoteOnboarding: 2–5 days

My take

At onboarding, for an employee working in Türkiye, Pebl’s terms require that neither the client nor its affiliates is incorporated there, owns or controls a local entity, or plans to become, acquire or establish one.

Later changes to these circumstances must be reported promptly to Pebl in writing. I’d resolve this restriction before considering Pebl as a temporary step towards opening a company.

Pebl, formerly Velocity Global, combines hiring, payroll, employee changes, reporting and offboarding in one platform. EOR starts at $399 per employee per month; the country quote must identify the dollar currency and billing commitment. Salary, employer costs, benefits and additional services are separate.

A deposit is required before onboarding. Its amount can change with salary, seniority or payment history, and it is returned after the final invoice and outstanding balances are paid. Early exit can make the remaining committed-term service fees payable, subject to the agreement’s termination exceptions. Any discounted offer needs an end date and renewal price.

Fit check for Pebl, G-P and Multiplier

For a foreign specialist, this proposal becomes useful when the named employer explains the applicable permit criteria, any role-specific exemption and the documents still needed.

Deposit

Per quote

Entity model

Affiliates and local partners

First year, one hire

$4,788 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$399

Confirm the country price and billing commitment.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
6 G-P logo G-P 4.2/5 Rating Hiring abroad while keeping your existing HR system Starting fee: $599 USD / monthDeposit: 1–2.5 monthsOnboarding: 5–10 days

My take

G-P would be on my shortlist if I needed EOR employment administration, benefits and reporting with custom API integrations.

EOR starts at USD 599 per employee per month, with volume discounts by quote. Salary, employer costs, benefit premiums and additional services are separate.

There is no minimum contract length for EOR hires. The proposal still sets the commercial billing and cancellation terms, along with the cost of any integration or implementation work.

Deposit

1–2.5 months

Entity model

100+ own entities, plus partners

First year, one hire

$7,188 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$599

Confirm the included services and billing terms in your country quote.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
7 Papaya Global logo Papaya Global 4.1/5 Rating Comparing payroll costs across countries in one report Starting fee: $499 USD / monthDeposit: 1–2 monthsOnboarding: 4–6 days

My take

Papaya brings EOR employees, payroll for a company’s own entities and workforce payments into one platform, with consolidated reporting and payroll approval tools.

That payroll and payments connection is what I’d follow through in a demonstration.

Papaya’s EOR service starts at USD 499 per employee per month. The country quote must identify the billing commitment and any additional services. Salary and employer costs are separate.

Deposit

1–2 months

Entity model

Partner + payroll engine

First year, one hire

$5,988 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$499

The country quote sets the billing terms. Payroll-only processing is priced separately.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
8 Multiplier logo Multiplier 4.1/5 Rating Managing payroll, leave and expenses in one place Starting fee: $459 USD / monthDeposit: 1+ monthsOnboarding: 7–10 days

My take

I’d start with Multiplier Core’s scope: employment administration, payroll, leave and standard workforce reporting.

Core starts at $499 per employee per month on monthly billing or $459 per month billed annually. Growth adds integrations, custom reports and open APIs. The quote needs to identify the dollar currency and chosen plan.

Country variations and mandatory add-ons affect the total. Implementation fees may apply, although the FAQ says setup is free; the quote must resolve that charge. Salary, employer costs and benefit premiums are additional.

Deposit

1+ months

Entity model

Own entities and partners

First year, one hire

$5,508 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$459

Core plan billed annually, or $499 per month on monthly billing. Confirm the dollar currency.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
9 Borderless AI logo Borderless AI 4.0/5 Rating Getting 24/7 help with overseas payroll and HR Starting fee: $579 USD / monthDeposit: 1.5–3 monthsOnboarding: 7–10 days

My take

I’d budget for Borderless AI’s standard EOR fee of USD 579 per employee per month before considering the temporary offer.

Eligible companies headquartered outside Canada may qualify for USD 399 on fees billed through 31 December 2026. USD 579 applies from 1 January 2027, including promotional customers; country and employment-type exceptions apply. Salary, employer costs and benefits are additional.

A refundable deposit is required before the employee starts. The schedule is 1.5 months of gross salary plus employer costs, benefits and platform fees with ACH or three months by wire and other methods, with country variations. The base includes salary, employer contributions, benefits and platform fees. Late-payment issues can raise it to six months. Deposits are released after the relevant obligations are settled.

Deposit

1.5–3 months

Entity model

Own entities

First year, one hire

$6,948 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$579

Eligible companies headquartered outside Canada can pay $399 on fees billed through 31 December 2026.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest
10 RemoFirst logo RemoFirst ⚠ Trustpilot warning 0.5/5 Rating Making a first overseas hire on a tight budget Starting fee: $199 USD / monthDeposit: About 1 monthOnboarding: 5–9 days

My take

We moved RemoFirst to last place on 8 November 2026: Trustpilot has suspended its rating for a breach of its guidelines and removed fake reviews.

RemoFirst says it works exclusively with vetted in-country partners. Here, that means a local partner company, not RemoFirst, would normally employ your hire, and payroll changes, questions and exits pass through both companies, which can slow answers. US$199 is RemoFirst’s starting fee and varies by country, so get this country’s quote before you compare. I’d check the job title before shortlisting RemoFirst for Türkiye: C-suite roles such as CEO and CFO are generally unavailable through its EOR service.

I’d include RemoFirst in a price comparison: it provides a dedicated customer success manager and EOR employment from USD 199 per employee per month, with no minimum contract term or headcount. The fee can vary with country requirements. Salary, employer costs, benefits, deposits and optional services are separate.

Contractor management is free for onboarding, identity checks, contract storage and expenses. Contractor payments cost USD 25 per contractor in months when a payment is processed; payment-provider and transfer fees may also apply. These contractor services are separate from EOR employment.

Deposit

About 1 month

Entity model

Partners, not own entities

First year, one hire

$2,388 in service fees

Reviewed by Martynas PupkeviciusFact-checked by Michael Ennis

Starting fee

$199

RemoFirst advertises no minimum contract term or employee count. Confirm any country-specific charges.

Against the 10 starting fees

$199 lowest$699 highest

Pricing note (26 September 2026). Recalculate cost illustrations with your quote.

Which top pick · Türkiye

Sort your shortlist by the hire’s passport and your tolerance for the exit bill. For a Turkish citizen, compare the service scope and country quote: RemoFirst starts at $199 per employee/month, while RemotePeople lists Global from $499 and Select from $199 where country and salary qualify. For a Turkey quote, compare the current contribution base, the employing entity’s incentive eligibility, its fee and its treatment of benefits and severance.

Local Turkish alternatives (unranked): a few Türkiye-focused firms provide payroll outsourcing or local employment services. CottGroup and Datassist are established Istanbul payroll-and-HR practices; Adecco and Manpower run staffing operations in the country. A Türkiye-only employer with no other markets may find one sufficient, but ask who carries the severance accrual and whether the firm can sponsor a foreign hire’s permit before signing.

Get your EOR discount

Get up to 30% off eligible EOR service fees. Your quote confirms the discount and terms.

Employment framework

Employment and payroll in Turkey

Price the severance reserve separately from service fees.

Turkish payroll brings together SGK, unemployment premiums and income-tax withholding. Severance reserves need their own calculation and funding terms, separate from the monthly service fee.

Establish the permitted employment structure

Before comparing service fees, ask whether the proposed service is a temporary agency arrangement, another employment structure or payroll administration for your own company. Request the legal basis, relevant authorisation where required and the written allocation of responsibilities between the employer and your company.

For a permanent engineering role, ask why the model fits the actual work and intended duration. If temporary agency rules are relevant, request the applicable permitted ground, assignment duration and renewal terms. Consider a direct local employment option if the proposed arrangement cannot clearly accommodate the intended role.

Check how the severance reserve is funded

Separate the service fee from salary, employer premiums, benefits and any severance reserve. The reserve is a funding arrangement; its amount depends on the applicable statutory cap, tenure, compensation base and provider contract.

Request the calculation and confirm when the reserve is collected, when it is paid out and how unused funds are handled. A reserve should not be assumed to equal one twelfth of every salary.

Turkish employment contract and SGK registration

The EOR’s Turkish entity, an anonim şirket (A.Ş.) or limited şirket (Ltd. Şti.), becomes the legal employer under Labour Law No. 4857 (İş Kanunu).

You keep day-to-day direction of the work. The EOR’s company holds the contract, Social Security Institution (Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu, SGK) registration, tax withholding and severance obligations. This lets you run Turkish payroll without incorporating, opening a Turkish bank account or registering as an employer with SGK yourself.

Lira payroll and statutory premiums

Employee deductions

Payroll runs in lira. The EOR withholds the employee’s SGK share, unemployment premium, progressive income tax and applicable stamp tax, then remits employer premiums.

Employer premiums and 2026 base

For a standard Article 4/1(a) employee, employer SGK and unemployment-insurance premiums total 23.75% of the contribution base before incentives. For a full month in 2026, the private-sector base runs from TRY 33,030 to TRY 297,270, a ceiling of nine times the minimum wage.

BES and severance funding

The EOR also administers BES private-pension auto-enrolment for employees under 45, who contribute unless they opt out, and accounts for kıdem tazminatı severance funding.

Complete registration before work begins

1

Agree the contract and collect employee records

Agree salary and a proposed start date. The EOR issues the Turkish-language contract, often with a bilingual version, collects identity and bank details, and registers the employment with SGK before work begins.

2

Resolve any foreign-worker permit

For a foreign national, it first files the work-permit application with the Ministry of Labour and Social Security and waits for approval, which can add weeks.

3

Begin the monthly pay cycle

Payroll then runs monthly; you approve relevant hours or expenses and manage the work.

Employer cost

Statutory employer contributions in Turkey

Premium reductions depend on the employer’s eligibility.

For a standard employee covered by SGK under Article 4/1(a), employer premiums total 23.75% of the contribution base before incentives in 2026. Eligible non-manufacturing employers can receive a 2-point reduction; qualifying manufacturing workplaces retain 5 points through 31 December 2026.

Fig. 2 · Standard employer premiums: 23.75% of the SGK contribution base before incentives, 2026

Contribution Employer rate Basis Fund
Contribution

Long-term insurance (invalidity, old age, death)

Employee also pays 9%
Employer rate
12%
Basis
2026 monthly SGK base: TRY 33,030–297,270 for a full month; ceiling 9× minimum wage
Fund
SGK
Contribution

General health insurance

Employee also pays 5%
Employer rate
7.5%
Basis
Same SGK base
Fund
SGK
Contribution
Short-term insurance (work accidents, occupational illness)
Employer rate
2.25%
Basis
Same SGK base
Fund
SGK
Contribution

Unemployment insurance

Employee also pays 1%
Employer rate
2%
Basis
Same SGK base
Fund
İŞKUR fund
Contribution
Total before incentives
Employer rate
23.75%
Basis
21.75% SGK + 2% unemployment
Fund
Employer share only

Fig. 3 · Standard Article 4/1(a) employer contributions in Türkiye, 2026, before incentives. Special categories and other relief are excluded.

Illustration: a standard employee in a non-manufacturing workplace earns TRY 120,000 gross for a full month, with no additional contributory pay and no incentive applied. At an illustrative TRY 40 per US dollar, that is $3,000. The salary is within the 2026 monthly contribution limits. Employer premiums are TRY 14,400 long-term, TRY 9,000 health, TRY 2,700 short-term and TRY 2,400 unemployment: TRY 28,500 in total, or $712.50.

If the employing entity qualifies for the general 2-point reduction, premiums fall by TRY 2,400 to TRY 26,100 ($652.50), a 21.75% combined employer rate. Qualifying manufacturing workplaces instead receive 5 points through the end of 2026, giving an 18.75% combined rate. Eligibility includes timely filings and payments, SGK debt rules, accurate worker registration and exclusions for certain public contracts. Confirm the workplace classification, eligibility and whether the EOR passes the saving through; neither reduction is automatic for an EOR hire.

The standard employee share remains 15% of the contribution base before income tax: 9% long-term, 5% health and 1% unemployment. Employer fees, benefits and any severance reserve are separate from these premiums.

Working time & leave

Working hours, overtime and statutory leave

Paid leave increases with length of service.

Labour Law No. 4857 sets a 45-hour week, a 50 percent overtime premium capped at 270 hours a year, and paid annual leave that steps up twice with tenure. Türkiye observes about 15.5 days of public holidays, including a half day on 28 October.

Hours and pay

Standard week 45 hours
Daily limit 11 hours
Overtime premium +50%
Annual overtime cap 270 hours
Public holidays/yr ~15.5 days

Fig. 4 · Hours and overtime in Türkiye · 45-hour week, overtime capped at 270 hours a year

The 45 hours can be distributed unevenly across the week by agreement, within the 11-hour daily ceiling. Overtime pays a 50 percent premium, or the employee can take 90 minutes of free time per overtime hour instead. Religious holidays (Ramazan and Kurban Bayramı) move with the lunar calendar, so the holiday map shifts each year.

Statutory leave

Annual leave

1–5 yrs / 5–15 yrs / 15+ yrs
14 / 20 / 26 days

Sick benefit

SGK daily allowance
From 3rd day
Maternity 24 weeks; SGK benefit conditions apply
Paternity 10 days paid
Leave eligibility After 1 year of service

Fig. 5 · Statutory leave in Türkiye · annual leave steps at five and fifteen years of tenure

Annual leave unlocks after one full year of service: 14 days for one to five years of tenure, 20 days for five to fifteen, 26 days beyond fifteen, with a 20-day minimum for employees under 18 or over 50. From 1 May 2026, maternity leave is normally 24 weeks: eight before and sixteen after birth. Eligible insured employees receive the SGK maternity benefit, subject to contribution and certification conditions. Paid paternity leave is ten days. During illness SGK pays a daily incapacity allowance from the third day; employer top-ups are common in white-collar contracts but contractual.

Ending employment

Probation, notice and severance in Turkey

Notice rises with tenure and severance has a cap.

Notice scales with tenure in four steps, and kıdem tazminatı adds roughly a month’s gross per year served, within a statutory cap. The exit bill is the part of Turkish employment that must be planned at hire.

Tenure Minimum notice Severance (kıdem tazminatı)
Tenure
Under 6 months
Minimum notice
2 weeks
Severance (kıdem tazminatı)
None (vests at 1 year)
Tenure
6–18 months
Minimum notice
4 weeks
Severance (kıdem tazminatı)
~1 month's gross after the first full year
Tenure
18 months–3 years
Minimum notice
6 weeks
Severance (kıdem tazminatı)
~1 month's gross per full year served
Tenure
3 years or more
Minimum notice
8 weeks
Severance (kıdem tazminatı)
~1 month's gross per full year, capped per year

Fig. 6 · Notice and severance by tenure · the per-year severance amount is subject to a statutory cap revalued twice a year

Severance vests at one year of service and is calculated on the final gross salary including regular allowances, roughly 30 days per full year worked, with the per-year amount capped at a statutory ceiling tied to civil-servant pension figures and revalued every six months. It is due when the employer terminates for any reason other than gross misconduct, and in several employee-triggered cases including retirement and men’s military service. Notice runs two, four, six or eight weeks by the tenure bands above and can be paid out in lieu (ihbar tazminatı). At workplaces with 30 or more employees, an employee with at least six months of seniority enjoys job-security protection: the dismissal needs a valid written reason, mandatory mediation precedes any lawsuit, and a court can order reinstatement or additional compensation. Probation runs up to two months, extendable to four by collective agreement.

Employer-initiated exit after 4 full years Gross equivalent $3,000/month, no misconduct, notice paid in lieu

Notice in lieu (3+ yr tier)

8 weeks ≈ 2 months × $3,000
~$6,000

Severance (kıdem tazminatı)

Qualifying July–December 2026 exit: 4 × TRY 73,729.87 ceiling; salary assumption TRY 120,000
TRY 294,919.48 before deductions (about $7,372.99 at illustrative TRY 40/USD)

Accrued unused leave

Assume 7 days outstanding × daily rate
~$700

Indicative exit cost

Before any negotiated settlement; modelled in dollar equivalents
About $14,072.99 at illustrative TRY 40/USD, retaining the approximate notice and leave assumptions

Fig. 7 · Exit of a 4-year employee at a $3,000/month gross equivalent

Six months of exit cost on a four-year tenure is normal in Türkiye: a provider that accrued the severance monthly pays the entitlement out of the reserve, while one that did not sends the invoice at the worst possible moment. At higher salaries the statutory cap bites and the per-year severance amount can be less than an actual month’s pay. The termination across jurisdictions guide prices the same exit in other markets.

Make the exit estimate match the statutory cap

The statutory ceiling can change the exit budget substantially. From 1 July to 31 December 2026 it is TRY 73,729.87 per year of qualifying service. A four-full-year case at or above that ceiling therefore produces TRY 294,919.48 of statutory severance before deductions, assuming the termination qualifies. Notice pay and unused leave remain separate.

Keep this calculation in lira and date it. A provider’s monthly reserve may use different funding assumptions, so request a reconciliation to the actual entitlement at exit.

Payroll & tax

Payroll cycle and income tax in Turkey

Monthly lira payroll includes withholding and stamp tax.

Income tax is withheld at source through payroll on a progressive scale that runs from 15 percent in the lowest bracket to 40 percent at the top, with bracket thresholds revalued each year for inflation, so an employee’s effective rate climbs through the calendar year as cumulative income crosses bands. Payroll also carries a small stamp tax on the wage payment, which the EOR handles. A portion of pay equal to tax on the minimum wage is exempt from income tax, a relief introduced in the high-inflation years. Most employees never file a return: withholding is final for ordinary employment income.

Salaries for Turkish residents are paid in lira, and foreign-currency-denominated employment contracts for residents are restricted, with narrow exceptions including non-citizen employees; the workable pattern is that the EOR invoices you in dollars or euros and converts. Inflation shapes compensation practice: the minimum wage has been revised at least annually and sometimes mid-year, and market-rate salaries, especially in tech, get reviewed on a similar rhythm. Build a salary-review schedule into the budget, and keep any FX-linkage discussion within the contract and applicable currency rules.

Employees under 45 are auto-enrolled into the BES private pension, contributing a small percentage of salary unless they opt out, with re-enrolment cycles the EOR tracks; there is no mandatory employer contribution to BES. For a standard private-sector employee, the 2026 full-month SGK contribution base runs from TRY 33,030 to TRY 297,270 (9 times the minimum wage). Apply the rate to the capped contribution base, including contributory pay.

The employment contract

Contract requirements, fixed-term limits and bonus norms

Record bonus terms and recurring allowances in Turkish.

The contract is drafted in Turkish, a requirement with roots in the 1926 statute obliging Turkish companies to transact in the national language, and a bilingual Turkish-English version with the Turkish text prevailing is the standard EOR format. Contracts of a year or more must be written. The document states the parties, the role, the workplace, working time, remuneration and any probation clause; the EOR supplies it and keeps the Turkish version authoritative for any dispute, since that is the version a labour court reads.

Open-ended contracts are the default and fixed-term contracts the exception: a fixed term requires an objective justification such as a defined project or a genuinely temporary need, and a fixed-term contract renewed without one is treated as open-ended from the start, with all the notice, severance and job-security consequences that follow. Independent contracting exists and is common in tech, but a contractor working fixed hours under your direction for a single client is in an employment relationship, and SGK premiums, tax withholding and a running severance clock all attach retroactively when it is recharacterised.

No statute requires a 13th-month salary in the Turkish private sector. Bonus practice comes from custom: religious-holiday payments around the two Bayram periods, annual performance bonuses in corporate roles, and meal and transport allowances that are so standard in white-collar employment that offers without them read as below-market. All of it is contractual. Write any bonus as guaranteed or discretionary explicitly, and remember that regular allowances fold into the severance base, so a permanent allowance also raises the kıdem accrual.

Division of responsibility

What the EOR handles, and what stays with you

Agree how the provider will fund severance as it accrues.

Employer of record in Turkey diagram showing the service agreement, employment contract, and day-to-day collaboration between your company and the employee.
Employer of record in Turkey: how your company, the local employer and the employee work together. Select the image to enlarge.

The EOR handles

1
Being the employer in law: the contract sits on its Turkish A.Ş. or Ltd. Şti., and the SGK file with it
2
SGK registration before the start date and monthly premium remittance
3
Income-tax and stamp-tax withholding through payroll
4
The kıdem tazminatı accrual and the exit payout calculation
5
The Turkish-language contract with a bilingual courtesy version
6
BES auto-enrolment cycles and statutory leave administration
7
Work-permit sponsorship, where its entity meets the Ministry’s criteria
8
Compliant offboarding: written grounds, notice, mediation if challenged

You keep

1
What the person actually works on, day to day
2
The pay decision: salary, review schedule in an inflationary market, and whether bonuses are guaranteed or discretionary
3
Who gets hired, who gets promoted, and whose employment you end
4
Performance management; if a dismissal reaches mediation, the grounds come out of your files
5
Laptops and tooling (Rippling device management is a separate paid product)
6
Your contract with the provider itself, including IP assignment wording and the severance-accrual model

The misclassification test runs on substance: fixed hours, the employer’s direction and a single client mark an employment relationship whatever the invoice says. The misclassification guide covers the tests in detail.

Work permits

Work permits for foreign hires (2026)

Check the sponsor’s eligibility for the work permit.

Route Sponsor Who it suits Notes
Route
Turkish citizen
Sponsor
None needed
Who it suits
The large majority of EOR hires
Notes
No permit, no quota; SGK registration only
Route
Standard work permit
Sponsor
Employing entity
Who it suits
Foreign employee hired into a Turkish role
Notes
Employer-tied; first permit typically one year, then longer renewals
Route
Turquoise Card
Sponsor
Application-based
Who it suits
Highly qualified specialists and investors
Notes
Long-term status for exceptional profiles; rare in EOR practice

Fig. 8 · Work-authorisation routes in Türkiye · permits are filed by the employer with the Ministry of Labour and Social Security

The employing company files the application, and general employment and financial criteria apply unless an exemption does; current rules include technology-role exemptions and qualifying capital, sales or exports routes; the Ministry also expects the offered salary to sit at a multiple of the minimum wage that scales with the seniority of the role. Processing runs from several weeks to a few months depending on whether the application is filed in-country or through a consulate abroad.

The practical sequence for a foreign candidate: confirm which entity would sponsor, confirm it meets the criteria, then let the EOR file before agreeing a start date. For Turkish citizens, which is most of the market given the depth of local engineering talent, none of this applies and every provider here can start within days.

Salary benchmarks

Indicative salary ranges

The ranges use dollar equivalents as the lira changes.

Monthly gross in dollar equivalents, because lira figures date within months in this inflation environment and Turkish tech comp is negotiated with one eye on the FX rate anyway. Representative 2026 market ranges; use the midpoint as a starting offer.

Check current pay data for the role and location before you make an offer.

Role Gross USD equivalent/month
Role
Software engineer
Gross USD equivalent/month
$1,800–3,500
Role
Senior software engineer
Gross USD equivalent/month
$3,000–5,500
Role
Product manager
Gross USD equivalent/month
$2,500–4,500
Role
Accountant
Gross USD equivalent/month
$1,200–2,200
Role
Customer support
Gross USD equivalent/month
$800–1,500
Role
Sales manager
Gross USD equivalent/month
$2,000–4,000
Role
HR manager
Gross USD equivalent/month
$1,800–3,200
Role
Designer
Gross USD equivalent/month
$1,200–2,500

Fig. 9 · Salary benchmarks in Türkiye, 2026 · monthly gross expressed in USD equivalents

Talent clusters in Istanbul, with Ankara and İzmir close behind and a growing remote bench across the country. A senior engineer near the $4,200 midpoint costs roughly half of the same profile in Germany once employer charges are added on both sides. For 2026, the full-month SGK contribution ceiling is TRY 297,270, or 9 times the minimum wage. Compare the actual TRY contribution base with that ceiling.

Illustrative monthly budget

Monthly cost of hiring an employee in Turkey

The TRY 120,000 example excludes payroll incentives.

An illustration for a standard employee in a non-manufacturing workplace: TRY 120,000 monthly gross, no additional contributory pay, no incentive and an assumed $199 EOR fee. USD figures use an illustrative TRY 40 per dollar. Obtain separate figures for benefits and severance before setting the hiring budget. For a different salary, estimate employer payroll costs in Turkey.

Illustrative employee, Istanbul
TRY 120,000/month gross; illustrative TRY 40/USD; no incentive
Gross salary $3,000

Long-term insurance (12%)

TRY 14,400; standard Article 4/1(a) employee
$360
General health insurance (7.5%) $225
Short-term insurance (2.25%) $67.50
Unemployment insurance (2%) $60

Severance reserve

Excluded: obtain a capped, tenure-based calculation and invoice policy
Quote separately

Assumed EOR fee

Illustrative $199 fee; confirm the actual quote
$199

Monthly subtotal

Annualised subtotal $46,938; exclusions apply
$3,911.50

Fig. 10 · Illustrative monthly salary, standard employer premiums and EOR fee before incentives; severance, benefits and other exclusions are outside the subtotal.

At TRY 120,000 gross and the illustrative exchange rate above, standard employer premiums add TRY 28,500 ($712.50) before incentives. Gross salary, those premiums and an assumed $199 EOR fee total $3,911.50 a month. If the non-manufacturing employer qualifies for the 2-point reduction and passes it through, the same subtotal becomes $3,851.50. Holding all other assumptions constant, a $599 fee gives $4,311.50 before relief, and a $699 fee gives $4,411.50.

These are budgeting subtotals. They exclude any severance reserve or exit liability, benefits, other contributory pay, deposits, setup charges, VAT where applicable and FX charges. A severance reserve needs the current statutory cap, tenure, compensation base and provider terms; it is not automatically 8.33% of every salary. The annual figure multiplies the monthly assumptions by 12.

EOR vs your own entity

EOR or your own Turkish company: compare costs

A local company takes on the SGK file and severance.

A limited şirket swaps the per-employee fee for fixed overhead, and picks up the severance liability, the SGK employer file and the permit-sponsorship criteria along with it.

Factor EOR Your own Ltd. Şti. / A.Ş.
Factor
Setup cost
EOR
None
Your own Ltd. Şti. / A.Ş.
Trade-registry incorporation, notary and accounting setup before the first hire
Factor
Time to first hire
EOR
2–10 days (citizen or permit holder)
Your own Ltd. Şti. / A.Ş.
Weeks: registration, bank account, tax and SGK employer files come first
Factor
Per-employee cost
EOR
$199–699/employee/mo fee + statutory
Your own Ltd. Şti. / A.Ş.
Statutory only, plus shared overhead
Factor
Severance liability
EOR
Accrued and carried by the provider
Your own Ltd. Şti. / A.Ş.
On your balance sheet, growing yearly
Factor
Permit sponsorship
EOR
Via the provider's qualifying entity
Your own Ltd. Şti. / A.Ş.
Only once your entity meets the staffing and capital criteria

Fig. 11 · EOR against your own Turkish company · a per-employee fee versus fixed overhead plus the liabilities

At the cheapest $199 fee, the EOR adds about $2,400 a year per employee over running the statutory side yourself. Small teams sit firmly on the EOR side of that line; the crossover comes with scale and commitment.

The common path is to hire the first few people through an EOR while the market case proves itself, then incorporate and transfer staff once the team justifies the overhead; the EOR vs entity break-even guide works the arithmetic for real headcounts. For the transfer, structure the migration to preserve the seniority date, because severance and leave entitlements ride on total tenure.

FAQ

EOR in Turkey: common questions

Check severance, permit sponsorship and lira payroll.\

What is the best EOR in Turkey?

RemotePeople is our top pick for Turkey in 2026 (4.9/5), followed by Deel (4.7/5) and Rippling (4.5/5). We opened paid accounts with all 10 providers on this page, priced real hires and ran payroll.

RemotePeople offers recruitment and EOR through one provider, with a dedicated account manager on both EOR plans. Its EOR Global plan starts at USD 499 per employee per month, and EOR Select at USD 199 where the hire qualifies. Deel starts at USD 599 plus a mandatory Employer Liability Cost; Rippling starts at USD 499 plus its required platform subscription.

How does an employer of record work in Turkey?

An employer of record in Turkey becomes the worker’s legal employer through a local employing entity, while your company directs the day-to-day work. The EOR registers the employee with SGK before the start date and remits premiums monthly, withholds income and stamp tax, accrues kıdem tazminatı severance, issues the Turkish-language contract and runs BES pension auto-enrolment.

How fast can an EOR onboard an employee in Turkey?

Estimated onboarding times for Turkey range from 2 to 10 days across the providers we tested. By provider: Deel 2–5 days, RemotePeople 2–5 days, Pebl 2–5 days, Rippling 3–5 days and G-P 5–10 days.

For a candidate who can already work in Türkiye, ask for the contract, SGK registration and first-payroll milestones. For a foreign candidate, have the provider assess the permit route and proposed sponsoring employer before committing to a date. The operative deadline should be the written plan for your hire.

How much does an EOR cost in Turkey per month?
Published service fees for Turkey run from USD 199 to USD 699 per employee per month across the 10 providers we tested: RemoFirst from USD 199; RemotePeople Global from USD 499, or Select from USD 199 only where country and salary qualify; Deel from USD 599 plus mandatory Employer Liability Cost; G-P from USD 599; Oyster USD 699 on monthly billing, with annual seats quoted separately. Multiplier Core advertises $499 monthly or $459 per month billed annually; Pebl advertises $399, with currency and commitment to confirm. Rippling starts at USD 499 plus its required platform from USD 8 per employee, and Papaya Global at USD 499. Borderless AI is USD 579 standard, with an eligible USD 399 promotion on fees billed through 31 December 2026. All amounts are per employee/month; salary and employment costs are separate. Add gross salary and standard employer SGK and unemployment premiums of 23.75% of the contribution base before incentives. The 2026 full-month base is TRY 33,030–297,270. An eligible non-manufacturing employer can receive a 2-point reduction; qualifying manufacturing workplaces retain 5 points through 2026. Ask whether any relief is passed through, and request separate figures for benefits, severance reserves, FX charges and other fees. The cost illustration is a subtotal with stated exclusions.
What employer contributions are mandatory in Turkey?
For a standard Article 4/1(a) employee in 2026, the employer pays 12% long-term insurance, 7.5% health insurance, 2.25% short-term insurance and 2% unemployment insurance: 23.75% of the contribution base before incentives. The private-sector full-month base is TRY 33,030–297,270, with a ceiling of 9 times the minimum wage. The conditional 2-point reduction gives a 21.75% combined employer rate; qualifying manufacturing workplaces retain a 5-point reduction through 31 December 2026, giving 18.75%. Confirm employer eligibility and workplace classification with the EOR. Special categories, other incentives and the employee’s own deductions are outside this standard employer calculation.
How does severance pay work in Turkey?
An employee with at least one year of service is entitled to kıdem tazminatı, severance of roughly one month’s gross pay for every full year worked, when the employer ends the contract for reasons other than gross misconduct, and in several employee-triggered cases such as retirement or military service. The per-year amount is subject to a statutory cap that is revalued twice a year. Because the liability grows with every month of tenure, an EOR accrues it from day one and the accrual line appears on your monthly invoice.
Can an EOR sponsor a work permit in Turkey?
Yes, if the entity employing your hire meets the Ministry of Labour and Social Security’s sponsorship criteria. Work permits are employer-tied and filed by the employing company, which must meet the applicable employment and financial criteria unless exempt, including any relevant technology-role exemption. An EOR with a qualifying Turkish entity files directly; partner-routed providers need the local partner to meet the criteria, so confirm sponsorship capability in writing before committing a foreign candidate.
What notice periods apply when terminating in Turkey?
Statutory notice scales with tenure: two weeks under six months of service, four weeks from six months to eighteen months, six weeks from eighteen months to three years, and eight weeks beyond three years. The employer can pay the notice out in lieu. At workplaces with 30 or more employees, a dismissed employee with at least six months of seniority can also challenge the dismissal under the job-security provisions, so the written grounds matter as much as the notice arithmetic.
Can I pay a Turkish employee in US dollars or euros?
Generally no. Salaries for Turkish residents are paid in lira, and Turkish law restricts denominating a resident employee’s contract in foreign currency, with narrow exceptions such as employees who are not Turkish citizens. The practical pattern is that the EOR invoices you in dollars or euros, converts, and pays the employee in TRY; in a high-inflation environment most employers handle the exchange-rate question with scheduled salary reviews rather than FX-denominated contracts.
Is the 13th-month salary mandatory in Turkey?

No. Turkish law does not require a 13th-month payment in the private sector. Performance and religious-holiday bonuses are common and purely contractual; if you offer one, the EOR writes it into the contract as guaranteed or discretionary and runs it through payroll with SGK premiums and income-tax withholding applied. Budget instead for the severance accrual, which behaves like a deferred extra month of pay for every year served.

Sources and as-of dates

Article references

The SGK contribution rates, 2026 contribution limits and incentive distinctions below were checked on 23 September 2026.

Hiring facts Checked 2 Oct 2026

Hiring facts

Checked 2 October 2026
Eligibility, local and collective rules apply. EOR fees extra.

Labour Law No. 4857 (İş Kanunu) 7 sources

Labour Law No. 4857 covers the general 45-hour week, 50% overtime premium and 270-hour annual overtime limit; minimum annual leave of 14 / 20 / 26 days by tenure; and 2 / 4 / 6 / 8 weeks’ notice for indefinite contracts. Probation is normally limited to two months, or four under a collective agreement. Job-security protection generally requires 30+ employees, six months’ service and an indefinite contract, subject to statutory exceptions. Fixed-term contracts require objective grounds. The cited Ministry copy and current guidance support these provisions; the PDF is not a complete 2026 amendment history.

Severance (kıdem tazminatı) 2 sources

After at least one year with the employer, qualifying termination circumstances can entitle an employee to 30 days’ gross pay per full year, with partial years prorated and regular monetary benefits included. The payment is subject to the severance ceiling applicable on the termination date. Eligibility is governed by Labour Law No. 1475, article 14.

SGK employer premiums 2 sources

standard Article 4/1(a) employer rates total 23.75% before incentives: 12% long-term, 7.5% health, 2.25% short-term and 2% unemployment. SGK employer rate table, checked 23 September 2026.

Contribution base and relief 4 sources

SGK 2026 contribution limits set the standard private-sector full-month base at TRY 33,030–297,270 (9× minimum wage). SGK current incentives specify a conditional 2-point reduction, with 5 points for qualifying manufacturing workplaces through 2026. Both checked 23 September 2026; the cost illustration applies no incentive.

Income tax and stamp tax 2 sources

Progressive income-tax rates run from 15% to 40%, with a separate wage-income threshold at the 27% band in the 2026 tariff. The minimum-wage-level income-tax exemption applies subject to its calculation rules. Wage-related stamp tax also has a minimum-wage exemption.

Foreign-currency restrictions 2 sources

Wages are generally paid in Turkish lira under Labour Law article 32. Foreign-currency or FX-indexed employment contracts between residents are restricted under Decree No. 32 and Communiqué No. 2008-32/34, subject to exceptions. The parties and the applicable exception must be checked.

Work permits 3 sources

International Labour Force Law No. 6735 governs work permits. Employers submit the employment application through e-İzin; overseas applicants first obtain a consular reference. General criteria include five Turkish employees per foreign hire, financial eligibility and role-based minimum-wage multiples, but material employer, worker and sector exemptions apply. The Ministry also operates a Turquoise Card route for qualifying highly skilled applicants and other eligible profiles.

Maternity and paternity leave 4 sources

From 1 May 2026, Law No. 7578 increased maternity leave under Labour Law No. 4857 to 24 weeks, normally eight before and sixteen after birth, and paid paternity leave to ten days. It also aligned SGK maternity incapacity benefit periods with the longer leave under Law No. 5510. Benefit eligibility remains conditional, including at least 90 days of short-term insurance premiums in the preceding year. Multiple-birth and other statutory rules still apply.

BES auto-enrolment 2 sources

Under Law No. 4632, covered employers enrol eligible Turkish citizens and Blue Card holders under 45 in the automatic pension system (OKS). The standard contribution is 3% of relevant earnings, deducted from the employee’s pay; employees can opt out. The employer guide sets the coverage threshold at five employees. Older workers may participate under the applicable request or continuation rules.

Salary benchmarks 1 source

Kariyer.net’s software-engineer figures are candidates’ monthly net salary expectations from recent applications. They are not gross wages or accepted offers.

Provider pricing, entity model and onboarding 10 sources

Additional sources Checked 19 Oct 2026

İŞKUR — Private Employment Agencies Regulation — Reference for the applicable agency framework. Direct access to this regulation was unavailable on 19 October 2026; obtain the current rule and confirm how it applies to the proposed arrangement before relying on it.

Ministry of Labour — July 2026 severance ceiling — TRY 73,729.87 ceiling effective from 1 July to 31 December 2026. Checked 19 October 2026.

Ministry of Labour — work-permit evaluation criteria — Current general financial/employment criteria and IT-role exemptions, including 2026 updates. Checked 19 October 2026.

Use the worked example above for the Turkish contribution assumptions. Use the directory to compare EOR providers for Turkey, or see the country guides for another market. The EOR cost calculator totals the recurring USD amounts from each proposal.

This guide is for general information only and does not provide legal, tax, accounting, or financial advice. For advice about your business, consult a qualified professional familiar with the rules where you hire. The research methodology explains how TheBestEOR assesses sources.